5039
Emperor Penguin
Antarctica
Original ZT
$1,100
No
No
No
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5039 |
Emperor Penguin |
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Antarctica |
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Original ZT |
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$1,100 |
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No |
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No |
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No |
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Emperor penguins are the largest species of penguin, standing 3.7 feet tall and weighing 60 to 90 pounds. As birds that spend most of their lives at sea, penguins have traded flight for the ability to swim underwater. Emperor penguins swim at speeds ranging from five to almost nine miles per hour. They are terrific divers; dives of up to 1,700 feet in depth and 18 minutes in length have been recorded. Emperor penguins are found exclusively in Antarctica within the pack-ice region. These birds can survive temperatures of –40 degrees Celsius. They avoid the open water beyond the limits of the floating ice and can be found near nutrient-rich, cold-water currents, which provide an abundant supply of food. In general, penguins live on a diet of small fish and crustaceans; however, emperor penguins have been known to take larger fish and even squid. Penguins are among the most social of all birds. Penguin colonies, or rookeries, may contain thousands of individuals. They will use rocks for diving and for congregating. Emperor penguins swim, feed, and dive together, even at sea. The group offers its members protection against hunger and cold. If a penguin is too warm, it holds its flippers away from its body, so both surfaces of the flippers are exposed to air, releasing heat. When penguins are hungry, they will often start walking together in large groups. People enjoy watching the comical gait and head movements of penguins, as they awkwardly waddle about on land on their paddle-like feet. For emperor penguins, a more efficient way to travel over the snow is to "toboggan" on their stomachs, using their flippers and feet for propulsion. In the water, these birds are adept swimmers and divers. Like dolphins, penguins leap out of the water every few feet in order to breathe. Emperor penguins have little or no sense of smell and their sense of taste is also limited. It is thought that they may be nearsighted on land, but see better when they are underwater. They are able to withstand extremely cold temperatures because their thick layer of overlapping, oil-coated feathers forms a waterproof coat that provides excellent insulation. Their survival depends upon keeping these feathers properly maintained. These birds will preen for several minutes in the water by rubbing their bodies with their flippers while twisting and turning over. Emperor penguins communicate with calls and through a range of ritual displays, such as head and flipper waving, bowing, gesturing, and preening. Aggressive postures like stares, pointing, and charging can occur in disputes over territory. A simple threat call is used to warn against predators. Emperor penguins have no predators on land and so are fairly fearless around humans. In water, their black and white coloring makes them nearly invisible to predators from both above and below. The chief predator for adult penguins is the leopard seal. The giant petrel accounts for about a third of emperor chick mortality. Female emperor penguins lay their eggs, and then head out to sea to feed for up to 60 days. During this period, the male stands awaiting her return, with the egg, covered by a loose piece of skin called the brood flap, balanced on his feet. During this incubation period, the father penguin can lose up to half his body weight. |
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15 |
45 |
50 |
70 |
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5 |
30 |
-5 |
No |
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To build a good animal exhibit you need to ask a few questions: (click them for the answers) |
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Which fence is suitable for this animal in terms of strength, if it can be climbed or jumped over? |
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How big should the exhibit be and what Terrain should be used? |
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How deep should the exhibit be if using the "Pit Method"? |
1 level |
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Low Chain-link Fence |
$45 |
1 |
200 |
10 |
22.2 |
|
Low Stick Pole Fence |
$55 |
1 |
225 |
11 |
20.0 |
|
Stick Pole Fence |
$75 |
2 |
225 |
12 |
16.0 |
|
Stick Pole Window Fence |
$75 |
2 |
225 |
12 |
16.0 |
|
Low Post and Rail Fence |
$70 |
1 |
250 |
11 |
15.7 |
|
Chain-link Fence |
$70 |
2 |
200 |
10 |
14.3 |
|
Post and Rail Fence |
$90 |
2 |
250 |
12 |
13.3 |
|
Low Wooden Slat Fence |
$85 |
1 |
240 |
11 |
12.9 |
|
Wood Slat Window Fence |
$110 |
2 |
240 |
12 |
10.9 |
|
Wooden Slat Fence |
$110 |
2 |
240 |
12 |
10.9 |
|
Low Concrete Fence |
$125 |
1 |
300 |
12 |
9.6 |
|
Low Iron Bar Fence |
$125 |
1 |
290 |
12 |
9.6 |
|
Low Rock Wall Fence |
$125 |
1 |
280 |
12 |
9.6 |
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Low Concrete Chain Fence |
$125 |
1 |
275 |
12 |
9.6 |
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Low Plexiglas Fence |
$125 |
1 |
270 |
12 |
9.6 |
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Rock Wall Fence |
$150 |
2 |
280 |
14 |
9.3 |
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Rock Window Fence |
$150 |
2 |
280 |
14 |
9.3 |
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Concrete Chain Fence |
$150 |
2 |
275 |
14 |
9.3 |
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Plexiglas Fence |
$150 |
2 |
270 |
13 |
8.7 |
|
Iron Bar Fence |
$180 |
2 |
290 |
14 |
7.8 |
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Concrete Fence |
$200 |
2 |
300 |
15 |
7.5 |
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Reinforced Concrete Fence |
$225 |
3 |
460 |
16 |
7.1 |
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Reinforced Concrete and Glass Fence |
$225 |
3 |
420 |
15 |
6.7 |
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Concrete and Iron Bar Fence |
$240 |
3 |
440 |
15 |
6.3 |
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Electrified Chain-link Fence |
$300 |
3 |
480 |
18 |
6.0 |
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Electrified Iron Bar Fence |
$350 |
3 |
400 |
18 |
5.1 |
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Number of Animals/Exhibit |
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15 |
2 |
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16 |
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
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Salt water |
60 |
9 |
18 |
27 |
36 |
45 |
54 |
63 |
72 |
81 |
90 |
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Tank
can be used in place of water requirement
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Snow |
40 |
6 |
12 |
18 |
24 |
30 |
36 |
42 |
48 |
54 |
60 |
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6 |
4 |
7 |
11 |
14 |
18 |
22 |
25 |
29 |
32 |
36 |
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0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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| Elevation |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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Exhibit
Size
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100
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15
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30
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45
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60
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75
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90
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105
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120
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135
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150
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none |
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9219 |
3 |
Small Snowy Rock |
1 |
1 |
Yes |
24 |
$75 |
32.0 |
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9218 |
3 |
Medium Snowy Rock |
1 |
1 |
Yes |
24 |
$85 |
28.2 |
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9220 |
6 |
Large Snowy Rock |
2 |
2 |
Yes |
9 |
$175 |
5.1 |
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9221 |
6 |
Large Snowy Rock |
2 |
2 |
Yes |
9 |
$185 |
4.9 |
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9211 |
7 |
Snowy Rock Formation |
8 |
2 |
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10 |
$700 |
1.4 |
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8102 |
Snowy Rock Cave |
22 |
12 |
$600 |
4 |
Yes |
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8109 |
Large Concrete Shelter |
20 |
10 |
$225 |
6 |
Yes |
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8108 |
Concrete Shelter |
19 |
9 |
$175 |
4 |
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8112 |
Large Wood Shelter |
18 |
8 |
$325 |
6 |
Yes |
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8107 |
Small Concrete Shelter |
17 |
7 |
$125 |
2 |
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8111 |
Wood Shelter |
16 |
6 |
$225 |
4 |
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8110 |
Small Wood Shelter |
13 |
3 |
$175 |
2 |
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none |
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High |
5 |
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ReproductionInterval(months): |
5 |
-10 |
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90 |
20 |
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1 |
TimeDeath(months): |
12 |
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BabyToAdult(months): |
3 |
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| -10 | -20 | ||
| 5 | 60 | ||
| -5 | -5 | ||
| 20 | 1 | ||
| -10 | -15 | ||
| -10 | -15 |
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none |
Fish |
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Giant Panda |
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Chimpanzee |
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Plains Zebra |
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Thomsons Gazelle |
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Olive Baboon |
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Mandrill |
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Lowland Gorilla |
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Red Kangaroo |
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Black Rhinocerous |
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Common Wildebeest |
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American Bison |
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Ibex |
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Okapi |
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Moose |
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African Buffalo |
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Gemsbok |
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American Bighorn Sheep |
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Giraffe |
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Dromedary Camel |
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Hippopotamus |
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Markhor |
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Greater Flamingo |
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Ostrich |
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Saltwater Crocodile |
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Giant Anteater |
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African Warthog |
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| Orangutan | ||
| Malaysian Tapir | ||
| Japanese Serow | ||
| Przewalski's Wild Horse | ||
| Javan Rhinocerous | ||
| Bigfoot | ||
| Loch Ness Monster | ||
| Mexican Wolf | ||
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