5020
Mandrill
Africa
Original ZT
$1,300
No
Yes
Yes
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5020 |
Mandrill |
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Africa |
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Original ZT |
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$1,300 |
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No |
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Yes |
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Yes |
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Biologist Charles Darwin called the mandrill the most vividly colored specimen in mammaldom. These large monkeys have white eyelids, blue cheeks, red noses, yellow beards, and lilac-colored rumps. Male mandrills are twice the size of females, ranging between 50 and 90 pounds, and their colorful markings become much brighter when they reach sexual maturity. Their size and their long canine teeth make the adult male mandrill the most formidable of any monkey. Mandrills are found in the thick evergreen rainforests of central West Africa, from Cameroon to Gabon and New Guinea. They prefer areas with a supply of drinking water and little ground cover. Their home range is about 115 miles, the largest known for any primate. Until recently, it was thought that mandrills belonged to the baboon family, and it was assumed that mandrills had a social structure similar to other members of this family. However, a recent DNA study showing that mandrills are neither baboons nor closely related to them, combined with new field research on the mandrill, has given us a very different picture of mandrill society. Behaviorally, mandrills seem to be unique. They travel in much larger groups than previously believed. Scientists have counted groups containing up to 1,350 individuals, with a mean group size of around 620. The members of these groups remain together for years, forming a tight knit and stable society. Another surprise is that these groups are comprised almost exclusively of females and their young. Males of breeding age join the groups only during the breeding season, which lasts from May until November. The rest of the year, the males are solitary. When the females come into estrus, males from all around descend on the group, battling fiercely with each other for breeding privileges. A single infant is born with fur and with its eyes already open. Newborns cling to the mother's belly immediately after birth. Infants have a black coat and pink skin for the first two months. Family bonds are long-lasting; the mother-daughter bond continues into adulthood, and the maternal bond with sons lasts until sexual maturity. Mandrills are omnivores that browse on a wide range of foods, covering 3 to 5 miles a day in their foraging along the forest floor. They will eat nuts, seeds, leaves, insects, fruit, bark, grass, fungi, and small animals. Mandrills have cheek pouches that can hold a substantial quantity of food, leaving their hands and feet free for running and climbing. At night, mandrills sleep in trees. Large groups of mandrills are very noisy and emit a continuous chorus of two-phase barks, frequent "crowing," grunts, and squeals. Females and young use a call to locate each other and a call of alarm when they feel threatened. A mandrill's coloring gets brighter when it becomes excited or angry. Male mandrills present a threat by "yawning," thereby fully exposing their long canines. A slight revealing of the teeth, possibly accompanied by teeth chattering, communicates a greeting, general friendliness, and a sense of well-being. The primary predator of the mandrill is the leopard. The two biggest threats to this endangered species are posed by bush meat hunters and habitat destruction. The slow reproductive rate of mandrills puts their population at even greater risk. |
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12 |
36 |
70 |
80 |
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10 |
40 |
-5 |
Yes |
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To build a good animal exhibit you need to ask a few questions: (click them for the answers) |
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Which fence is suitable for this animal in terms of strength, if it can be climbed or jumped over? |
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How big should the exhibit be and what Terrain should be used? |
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How deep should the exhibit be if using the "Pit Method"? |
2 level |
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Concrete Chain Fence |
$150 |
2 |
275 |
14 |
9.3 |
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Plexiglas Fence |
$150 |
2 |
270 |
13 |
8.7 |
|
Iron Bar Fence |
$180 |
2 |
290 |
14 |
7.8 |
|
Concrete Fence |
$200 |
2 |
300 |
15 |
7.5 |
|
Reinforced Concrete Fence |
$225 |
3 |
460 |
16 |
7.1 |
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Reinforced Concrete and Glass Fence |
$225 |
3 |
420 |
15 |
6.7 |
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Concrete and Iron Bar Fence |
$240 |
3 |
440 |
15 |
6.3 |
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Electrified Chain-link Fence |
$300 |
3 |
480 |
18 |
6.0 |
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Electrified Iron Bar Fence |
$350 |
3 |
400 |
18 |
5.1 |
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Number of Animals/Exhibit |
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15 |
3 |
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20 |
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1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
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Rainforest floor |
85 |
13 |
26 |
38 |
51 |
64 |
77 |
89 |
102 |
115 |
128 |
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Grass |
10 |
2 |
3 |
5 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
11 |
12 |
14 |
15 |
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Dirt |
5 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
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4 |
2 |
5 |
7 |
10 |
12 |
14 |
17 |
19 |
22 |
24 |
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|
15 |
2 |
5 |
7 |
9 |
11 |
14 |
16 |
18 |
20 |
23 |
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| Elevation |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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Exhibit Size |
100 |
15 |
30 |
45 |
60 |
75 |
90 |
105 |
120 |
135 |
150 |
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7059 |
5 |
Orchid Tree (climbable) |
32 |
$500 |
6.4 |
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7015 |
12 |
Elephant Ear Tree |
15 |
$185 |
8.1 |
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9206 |
2 |
Small Rock |
1 |
1 |
Yes |
8 |
$55 |
14.5 |
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9205 |
2 |
Medium Rock |
1 |
1 |
Yes |
8 |
$75 |
10.7 |
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9215 |
2 |
Stone Ruins |
4 |
2 |
Yes |
5 |
$450 |
1.1 |
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9200 |
4 |
Large Rock |
2 |
2 |
Yes |
4 |
$150 |
2.7 |
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8109 |
Large Concrete Shelter |
22 |
12 |
$225 |
6 |
Yes |
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8112 |
Large Wood Shelter |
22 |
12 |
$325 |
6 |
Yes |
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8108 |
Concrete Shelter |
20 |
10 |
$175 |
4 |
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8111 |
Wood Shelter |
20 |
10 |
$225 |
4 |
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8107 |
Small Concrete Shelter |
17 |
7 |
$125 |
2 |
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8110 |
Small Wood Shelter |
17 |
7 |
$175 |
2 |
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none |
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High |
15 |
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ReproductionInterval(months): |
5 |
-10 |
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95 |
30 |
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1 |
TimeDeath(months): |
24 |
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BabyToAdult(months): |
5 |
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none |
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Fruits and vegetables |
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none |
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